Stage‐related PD‐L1 expression in Kaposi sarcoma tumor microenvironment

Thymidine phosphorylase expression in Kaposi sarcoma.

AIMS To examine the immunohistochemical distribution of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in all clinicopathological subtypes of Kaposi sarcoma. METHODS Thirty two biopsy specimens of Kaposi sarcoma (29 patients) were studied. Six of these patients represented classic, six endemic, eight HIV associated, seven post-immunosuppression/transplant related, and two unclassified variants of Kaposi sarcom...

Tumor markers and treatments for Kaposi sarcoma.

Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence from studies in humans. This conclusion is based on evidence from epidemiological and molecular studies, which show that KSHV causes Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and a plasmablastic variant of multicentric Castleman disease, and on supporting mechanistic data. KSHV causes ca...

[Lymphangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma].

1. Cozen W, Bernstein L, Wang F, Press MF, Mack TM. The risk of angiosarcoma following primary breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1999;81:532--6. 2. Stewart FW, Treves N. Lymphangiosarcoma in postmastectomy lymphedema: a report of six cases in elephantiasis chirurgica. Cancer. 1948;1:64--81. 3. Tomita K, Yokogawa A, Oda Y, Terahata S. Lymphangiosarcoma in postmastectomy lymphedema (Stewart-Treves synd...

Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus

First detected by Chang et al. (1994) in Kaposi sarcomas associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (see IARC, 1996) by representational difference analysis, this virus was termed Kaposi-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, KSHV. KSHV is also associated with primary effusion lymphoma and some cases of multicentric Castleman disease (see Section 2). In keeping with the systematic ...